Rudbeckia hirta
The Black-Eyed Susan, scientifically known as Rudbeckia hirta, is a vibrant wildflower native to North America. Its bright yellow petals surrounding a dark central cone make it a standout in meadows and gardens alike.
Scientific Classification
- Kingdom: Plantae
- Order: Asterales
- Family: Asteraceae
- Genus: Rudbeckia
- Species: R. hirta
Gardening Information
- Growth Habit: R. hirta is an upright annual, biennial, or short-lived perennial, reaching heights of 2 to 4 feet.
- Sunlight: Thrives in full sun but can tolerate partial shade.
- Soil: Prefers average, well-drained soils but adapts to clay, alkaline, acidic, and gravelly soils.
- Watering: Once established, it is heat and drought-tolerant.
- Maintenance: Deadheading encourages more blooms.
Ecological Benefits
Black-Eyed Susans play a significant role in supporting local ecosystems:
- Pollinators: The flowers attract a variety of pollinators, including bees, butterflies, and moths. The central “eye” comprises hundreds of small florets, each offering nectar.
- Birds: Species such as the American Goldfinch feed on the seeds if flower heads are left intact after the growing season.
- Beneficial Insects: The plant attracts small wasps and flies, many of which are predators or parasitoids of pest insects, aiding in natural pest control.
- Wildlife Interactions:
- Host Plant: R. hirta serves as a host plant for the caterpillars of butterflies like the Silvery Checkerspot (Chlosyne nycteis). Clemson University
- Deer and Rabbits: The plant is moderately resistant to deer and rabbit browsing.